Sejarah Sepakbola – Memasuki abad ke-21, olahraga ini telah dimainkan oleh lebih dari 250 juta orang di 200 negara, yang menjadikannya olahraga paling populer di dunia. ini merupakan cabang olahraga yang menggunakan bola yang umumnya terbuat dari bahan kulit dan dimainkan oleh dua tim yang masing-masing beranggotakan sebelas orang pemain inti dan beberapa pemain cadangan. Sepak bola bertujuan untuk mencetak gol sebanyak-banyaknya dengan memasukan bola ke gawang lawan. Sepak bola dimainkan dalam lapangan terbuka yang berbentuk persegi panjang, di atas rumput atau rumput sintetis.
Secara umum, hanya penjaga gawang saja yang berhak menyentuh bola dengan tangan atau lengan di dalam daerah gawangnya, sedangkan sepuluh pemain lainnya diizinkan menggunakan seluruh tubuhnya selain tangan, biasanya dengan kaki untuk menendang, dada untuk mengontrol, dan kepala untuk menyundul bola. Tim yang mencetak gol paling banyak pada akhir pertandingan menjadi pemenangnya. Jika hingga waktu berakhir masih berakhir imbang, maka dapat dilakukan undian, perpanjangan waktu maupun adu penalti, bergantung pada format penyelenggaraan kejuaraan. Dari sebuah pertandingan resmi, 3 poin diberikan kepada tim pemenang, 0 poin untuk tim yang kalah dan masing-masing 1 poin untuk dua tim yang bermain imbang.
Meskipun demikian, pemenang sebuah pertandingan sepak bola dapat dibatalkan sewaktu-waktu atas skandal dan tindakan kriminal yang terbukti di kemudian hari. Sebuah laga sepak bola dapat dimenangkan secara otomatis oleh sebuah tim dengan 3-0 apabila tim lawan sengaja mengundurkan diri dari pertandingan. Peraturan pertandingan secara umum diperbarui setiap tahunnya oleh induk organisasi sepak bola internasional (FIFA), yang juga menyelenggarakan Piala Dunia setiap empat tahun sekali.
Sejarah Sepakbola
Sejarah olahraga sepak bola dimulai sejak abad ke-2 dan ke-3 sebelum Masehi di Tiongkok. Pada masa Dinasti Han tersebut, masyarakat menggiring bola kulit dengan menendangnya ke jaring kecil. Permainan serupa juga dimainkan di Jepang dengan sebutan Kemari. Di Italia, permainan menendang dan membawa bola juga digemari terutama mulai abad ke-16.
Sepak bola modern mulai berkembang di Inggris dengan menetapkan peraturan-peraturan dasar dan menjadi sangat digemari oleh banyak kalangan. Di beberapa kompetisi, permainan ini menimbulkan banyak kekerasan selama pertandingan sehingga akhirnya Raja Edward III melarang olahraga ini dimainkan pada tahun 1365. Raja James I dari Skotlandia juga mendukung larangan untuk memainkan sepak bola. Pada tahun 1815, sebuah perkembangan besar menyebabkan sepak bola menjadi terkenal di lingkungan universitas dan sekolah.
Kelahiran sepak bola modern terjadi di Freemasons Tavern pada tahun 1863 ketika 11 sekolah dan klub berkumpul dan merumuskan aturan baku untuk permainan tersebut. Bersamaan dengan itu, terjadi pemisahan yang jelas antara olahraga rugby dengan sepak bola. Pada tahun 1869, membawa bola dengan tangan mulai dilarang dalam sepak bola. Selama tahun 1800-an, olahraga tersebut dibawa oleh pelaut, pedagang, dan tentara Inggris ke berbagai belahan dunia. Pada tahun 1904, asosiasi tertinggi sepak bola dunia (FIFA) dibentuk dan pada awal tahun 1900-an, berbagai kompetisi dimainkan diberbagai negara. olahraga ini juga digemari terutama mulai abad ke-16.
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